Thus, they perform just a mechanical role and provide the tongue with a rough surface to move the food and sense touch and pressure. They are covered by squamous keratinized epithelium and do not contain taste buds (the sensory structures for perceiving tasting). Types of papillae (from the left to the right): filiform papillae (rat, PAS-haematoxylin), foliate papilla (mouse, van Gieson trichrome), fungiform papillae with taste buds (arrows) surrounded by filiform papillae in transverse view (rat, haemotylin and van Gieson's trichrome).į iliform papillae are the smallest and more abundant papillae. They show a characteristic spatial distribution on the surface of the tongue. The dorsal surface of the tongue folds to form structures known as papillae with different morphologies: filiform, foliate, fungiform and circumvallate. Besides fibroblasts, connective tissue also contains adipocytes. Under the epithelium and among muscle cells, there is connective tissue with many collagen fibers (stained red with van Gieson trichrome in the figure above). The tongue is coated by stratified squamous epithelium, usually non keratinized, although some mammals can show a corneum stratum. The tongue is mostly formed by skeletal striated muscle tissue with cells arranged in different directions, that allows very flexible and accurate movements, which are very important for tasks like talk in humans (or make sounds in some animals), chew and swallow down.
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